Traditional and Commercial Utilization of Mangrove resources at Bintuni Bay-West Papua, Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30862/rd8r2w59Kata Kunci:
Utilization, commercial, mangrove, timber extraction, Bintuni bayAbstrak
Utilization and commercial timber extraction of mangrove forest to produce woodchip under silviculture system of seed trees method at Bintuni bay Papua Barat–Indonesia has been undertaking for over 25 years without disregarding local people dependence on utilizing its own forest for fulfilling their daily needs. This paper presents traditional utilization and commercial timber extraction of mangrove forest under the seed trees method optimizing toward achieving sustainable mangrove forest utilization. The results indicate that local people are tolerable to utilize mangrove forest and its associated products regardless their forests are managed by the holder of forest concession permit of woodchip producer. Timber extraction of mangroves for commercial purposes at Bintuni bay is highly human labor-intensive works that still been operating until today. Production and movement of 2 m long logs at forest sites mostly are done by human labors with contract system of cubication. It is interesting that operational cost for skidding logs per cubic metre of logging crew for mangrove is higher than that of the terrestrial forest of heavy equipment but its daily productivity is less. Logs are produced mainly from the boles of five commercial species of mangrove of minimum diameter of 10 cm up at DBH while buttresses, twigs, and branches were regarded as logging residues. Productivity of the seed trees to yield natural re-generation represented into population of seedling and sapling per hectare are enormous and good enough to re-establish young mangrove of next cutting cycle, including the most affected areas likes skidding track and logging camp in which natural re-generation is well developed. Former sites of temporary stacking place and unreachable tidal wave are two areas where re-plantation should be carried out. In addition, this silvicultural system clearly shows that traditional and commercial utilization of mangrove forest as well as re-establishment of natural re-generation are functioning well and moving toward to be sustainable utilization and management of mangrove forest.
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